The Parisian club has now claimed the prestigious cup on fourteen separate occasions.
The Parisian giants required a stoppage-time leveler followed by a successful penalty shootout to overcome their arch-rivals in the Gulf and secure a fourth straight Trophee des Champions victory.
The Champions League holders seemed to be sailing towards a straightforward triumph in the match featuring the French league champions and the Coupe de France winners after Ousmane Dembele opened the scoring early on.
However, the southern French side fired two times in the closing moments to take a surprise advantage. First, Mason Greenwood scored from the penalty spot, before the defender unfortunately directed the ball into his own net for an own goal.
In a breathtaking twist of events, the Portuguese striker grabbed a crucial equaliser in the dying moments to force the contest into a penalty shootout. The Parisian shot-stopper Lucas Chevalier then stood as the key figure, stopping crucial kicks from O'Riley and Hamed Traore.
In the shootout, Goncalo Ramos, Vitinha, Nuno Mendes, and Desire Doue all scored successfully for Paris Saint-Germain to seal a 4-1 penalty victory.
Now 14-time champions PSG, who faced last season's Ligue 1 runners-up Marseille after achieving a league and cup double, have now lifted this trophy for the 12th time in the last 13 seasons.